Martin Luther Reformation Essay -- essays research papers

Martin Luther ReformerMartin Luther was born in Eisieben, Germany, on November 10,1483, St. Martin&8217s Day. He was the son of Has Luther, a coal miner, and Margarethe. Martin&8217s parents were of the mediate class and were unbending in their disciplinary processs. He attended the best schools in his region scarce all of them held to the barbaric discipline system of the times. This had a big impact on Martin&8217s personality. But he did receive any(prenominal) positive influence from his home environment. His parents were very pious people and brought him up to be one too. His parents also gave him a strong sense of superstition. At the age of 14 Luther went to grammar school at Magdeburg. There he got attracted to the church service and particularly the Lollards. Then in 1498 he moved to Eisenach and came in contact with a warmer church life than he was use too. He also make some important friends here including Fran Ursula Cotta. He really started going into the Church w orks when he attended the University at Erfurt. He was a very spry student and quickly rose through the academic ranks. Meanwhile his father upon hearing of his son&8217s achievements had great hopes for him. Luther was preparing to be a lawyer to some prince or town after he received his degree in philosophy. But halfway through his training he decided to quit and subscribe up life permanently in an Augustine monastery. Historians speculate on why such a successful young man would want to join the monastery. Historians bank a string of events led Luther to choose the path of the Church. Being superstitious, Luther might have thought that this was god trying to get him to join the monastery. Luther made hid end to go into the monastery during a thunderstorm. A bolt of lightening hit just a few feet away from him and threw him up into the air. He saw this as an act of god and joined the monastery. Later he and his father would look back and wonder whether it was God or the devil. His methods of teaching were a bit unorthodox but had a natural talent for speaking to the masses that listen to him. He often used vulgar language in his classes and had liberal ideas that he preached. His colloquialism came from a few things. First of all he was constipated and often talked about it in class. He rel... ...ed that Catholic services be followed. It also disallow the practice of Lutheran services in all the Catholic States. The angered many of the Lutheran princes and nobles and said they would Protest this unfair decree. From this Protest came the term Protestant, or a person who protests against the Catholic Church. Charles V never seriously enforced the edict and allowed the Lutheran countries to continue their reforms. A group of Protestant Princes and Cities came together and organise the Schmalkaldic League named after they city in which the first meeting of their league was held. Also in 1530 another diet was called and the Lutheran princes decided to put their complaints in writing so they sent a scholar named Philipp Melanchuthon to what was called the Augsburg Confession. The Augsberg Confession was the systematic statement of the Lutheran belief. The Confession was written as uncontroversial as possible. Charles pass the Confession to a team of theologians to analyze and their report stated that the Church did indeed have some problems. Charles said that he would help correct the problems of the Church and that he hoped the Protestants would rejoin the Church. They did not.

The Politics of Minimum Wage Laws :: Minimum Wage Essays

We cannot legislate prosperity. When we increase minimum engages by legislative fiat, we kill jobs. Government creates nothing provided what it has first taken away.-- President Lyndon B. JohnsonMany investigations have been made in an attempt to understand how politics is involved in determining the minimum wage rate. These studies indicate that due to the complex American political system, which distributes power to different levels of government, different variables will exert pressures on the various governing bodies in the join States. In other words, these studies indicate that when it comes to minimum wage legislation, decisions on whether to raise the minimum wage, and what the rate should be, have very limited stinting bases, and instead depose heavily on political bases. The most important of which is political ideology. While aspects of other variables contain some stinting theories, for example unemployment rate and median business firm income, these variables have a limited impact, and can even be explained through political interpretations in addition to their economic bases.Considering the fact that minimum wage laws greatly impact the economic proportion of the entire country, and impact major economic variables such as the wage rates and the profit rate, it is amazing to learn that economic indicators are conspicuously insignificant when it comes to determining the actual minimum wage rate. This may not necessarily be a problem for the current adduce of the American economy since minimum wage laws affect relatively few people. However, political decisions are unilaterally dictating policy that greatly impact the economic equilibrium of the country, this threatens the integrity of having economic regulations in the first place. The stated purpose for economic regulation ought to fit with public interest theory, which states that regulations are designed to correct ineffectual or inequitable market practices. In the case of minimum wage l aws in the United States, it seems to fit better with the capture theory which holds that regulations are implemented in response to public pressure and political purposes. Minimum wage laws will continue to remain a highly debated topic in economic and political circles in the United States. Instead of simply focusing on whether these laws are good or bad for a society, perhaps we should be discussing the rule for minimum wage legislation. Why do we have minimum wage laws? Do they respopnd to an economic request or only a political need?My research as indicated that political considerations have taken precedence over economic considerations despite the fact that minimum wages have direct effects on the economic equilibrium for the entire country.

The State of Our World Depicted in the Book, Natural Capitalism: Creati

The State of Our World Depicted in the Book, congenital Capitalism Creating the Next industrial Revolution Each word in the title of the book Natural Capitalism Creating the Next Industrial Revolution carries powerful undertones. For example industrial variety carries a negative connotation for me I picture smoke stacks pouring out pollution and darkening the cities and six year old children running(a) fourteen hours a day in factories for little pay. I simultaneously recognize the remarkable amount of inventions and technologies that were developed during and following the Industrial Revolution and its great impact on the world and on the United States, which places great value on the idea of capitalism. Considering my preconceptions simply based on the words of the title of the book, I was intrigued to read the first chapter of the book and to see what could be environmentally natural round capitalism and what a new industrial revolution would involve. Paul Ha wken, Amory Lovins, and hunter Lovins, the authors of Natural Capitalism Creating the Next Industrial Revolution, offer a persuasive and powerful outlook on the state of our world currently and in the prospective through intertwining logical arguments, emotional appeals, and establishments of personal credibility. The chapter opens with an appeal to emotions. The book describes a scene to imagine - a more peaceful and world with more parks, pristine air and water, societal harmony, better quality of life, and lack of income taxes (1). This beginning passage is an effective way to draw readers into the book because it intrigues them and causes them to desire the world to which they are being introduced. The opening prepares the readers ... ...pe (regarding a service and flow economy). These and the other examples given in the chapter demonstrate to the reader that changes for the better are possible and have been already victorious place and yielding results. I feel that Natural Capitalism Creating the Next Industrial Revolution is persuasive and well-written. The progression from a conjuration to how to achieve that fantasy specifically is effective. The use of emotional appeals to back up the logical claims and arguments were balanced and placed in good places. I am persuaded to learn more about how the ideals of this book are being played out in the world, and I want to support proponents of valuing natural capital in their efforts.Works CitedHawken, Paul, Amory Lovins, and Hunter Lovins. Natural Capitalism Creating the Next Industrial Revoution. Little Brown and Company, 1999.

A Life Changing Experience Essay -- essays research papers

First day of the rest of my life, my stomach is in knots and I cant seem to do anything with my hair. I have all(a) my pens, papers, notebooks and other miscellaneous items stuffed into my brand new blue book bag. My mother is down stairs on the patio drinking her morning tea ceremonial the world wake up. I gave my brand new shoes a quick shine, checked my hair about three more times for each one time finding something new wrong. Mother yells at me from down stairs. Youre going to miss the busThe bus I cant intend my ears. I cant show up to high school on my first day by riding the bus. I was scared I needed my mother to drive me to school. Somehow knowing my mother was going to be there part of the way made it a little crisp easier for me to go. I need her in a way to hold my hand as I embark on a new chapter in my life. irrefutable I was a little brat and felt too good for the public transportation system. My mother could sense that I felt uneasy and herd me. The drive to the newly built high school was full under fifteen minuets away. As we traveled my mother gave me some tips to make it through the day. She told me to hold in myself to my teachers on personal bases, to sit up front and to eat a good lunch. As we arrived at the entrance I felt my breakfast deficient to jump out of my stomach. I was shaking and on the verge of tears. Mother gave me a hug and a kiss on the forehead, told me everything was going to be just fine. I jumped out of the car and stood on the sidewal...

Comparing My Dad and Me Essay -- Comparison Compare Contrast Essays

Comparing My Dad and MeIn a world of over six billion concourse, what could be more boring than a bunch of look-alike clones? Everyone on this earth shares certain traits with others. Each person, though, shares more similarities with some people than with others. Strong similarities can be seen more or less frequently among family members, most likely because people in one family come from the same gene pool. My pop music and I represent prime examples of people who share a mass in common. Regardless of how much we resemble each other, though, we are different people and always will be. Setting aside the physical differences between my dad and me I am significantly taller but guide a smaller build than he quickly reveals our similarities. Though the majority of our shared traits come as a result of the fact that I received many of his genes, our most important similarity our combine in and fervent love for our Lord and deliverer deliverer Christ does non exist in anyones genes. Rather, this comes exclusively from God. Every day my dad goes out and fixes garage doors. Working in peoples garages on a daily basis, he gets numerous opportunities to talk to people. Just about every day, my dad has a chance to share his faith with others. Not only does he deal honestly and fairly with his customers, he frequently talks to them about his belief in God and explains why Jesus died 2000 years ago for them. Likewise, I often must defend my beliefs in school. In past English classes, we adjudge had many debates on a majuscule variety of moral issues and I have been able to give my stance on the issues, based on what the Bible, Gods Word, teaches. Hopefully, I will have additional opportunities in American Government class and possibly even in English.... ...I. He does not mind confronting people when they do something with which he does not agree. I have a more difficult time confronting people. When I do, so as not to anger them, I beat around the crotch hair rather than telling them blatantly that they are wrong. While my dad and I are very similar even in such little things as our mannerisms, our similarities do not in any way, shape, or form make us the same person. No two people are the same, in enmity of all their likenesses. If we were all exactly alike, what good would we be? If we all excelled in construction work and could build anything from a shed to a skyscraper, who would prepare intellectual nourishment? If everyone cooked, who would treat the sick and injured? More fundamentally, who would make the equipment used for cooking? People identify us by who we are, by our differences not by what we have in common with everyone else.

Comparing My Dad and Me Essay -- Comparison Compare Contrast Essays

Comparing My Dad and MeIn a world of over six billion people, what could be more boring than a pack of look-alike clones? Everyone on this earth shares certain traits with others. Each person, though, shares more similarities with some people than with others. Strong similarities can be seen most frequently among family members, most possible because people in one family come from the same gene pool. My dad and I represent prime examples of people who share a lot in common. Regardless of how much we resemble each other, though, we are different people and always will be. Setting aside the physical differences between my dad and me I am significantly t all in aller but have a smaller build than he quickly reveals our similarities. Though the majority of our shared traits come as a result of the fact that I received many of his genes, our most important similarity our faith in and fervent love for our Lord and Savior savior Christ does not exist in anyones genes. Rather, this co mes exclusively from God. Every day my dad goes out and fixes garage doors. Working in peoples garages on a daily basis, he gets numerous opportunities to talk to people. Just about every day, my dad has a chance to share his faith with others. not only does he deal honestly and fairly with his customers, he frequently talks to them about his belief in God and explains why Jesus died 2000 geezerhood ago for them. Likewise, I often must defend my beliefs in school. In past English classes, we have had many debates on a great medley of moral issues and I have been able to give my stance on the issues, based on what the Bible, Gods Word, teaches. Hopefully, I will have surplus opportunities in American Government class and possibly even in English.... ...I. He does not mind confronting people when they do something with which he does not agree. I have a more difficult time confronting people. When I do, so as not to anger them, I beat around the bush instead than telling them bla tantly that they are wrong. While my dad and I are very similar even in such little things as our mannerisms, our similarities do not in any way, shape, or form make us the same person. No two people are the same, in spite of all their likenesses. If we were all exactly alike, what good would we be? If we all excelled in construction work and could build anything from a shed to a skyscraper, who would prepare food? If everyone cooked, who would turn the sick and injured? More fundamentally, who would make the equipment used for cooking? People identify us by who we are, by our differences not by what we have in common with everyone else.

Midterm Exam 9th Grade Palestine

U. N. R. W. A Date 8th Nov. 2012 Department of Education Time mark Midterm English language test Grade 9th Reading Around the world, quite a little also found natural ways to shelter from the weather. In bleak regions, traditional houses were often low with thick walls and small windows that faced away from the direction of storms. In the hot rainforests of South-East Asia, people built their homes above the drop anchor and high on hills to catch every cool wind. In the hot, dry Middle East, traditional courtyard houses did something similar.Their thick, white walls reflected the suns heat and unbroken everything inside cool. The height of these walls also provided cool shade in the courtyard all day. During the last ascorbic acid years, most people establish stopped life history in traditional houses with their old ways of protecting against the weather. Now, we heat and cool our modern brick and concrete houses and apartments with electricity, oil and gas. Read and answer t he following questions 1. What has changed during the last 100 years? 2. How are homes built in the middle east? 3. What are the materials employ in building modern houses? 4. From the text find the opposite of wintry .. Modern 1 Low .. 5. The underlined pronoun their line 7 refers to 6. T or F 1) Traditional houses in cold places were often built with high and thick walls. ( ) 2) unobjectionable walls does not reflect the suns heat. ( ) Vocabulary tell apart the following sentences using words from the list Shade Excuse me mud port whole hurry bookcase memorialise forget in time ) Sandy I must to take my guidebook. Muna And dont to take your Turkish phrase book. 2) The old man sat in the of the wall. 3) The Masai people used .. in building their houses. 4) We should .. because we are late. 5) He got to the meeting just . 6) Constantinople is a very important .. for Turkey. 7) Sara cleaned the house yesterday. 8) , can you take a delineation of me and my friend? 9) Im going to buy a new next week. Grammar I. Complete the sentences with correct forms of the verbs between brackets 1- Arabs .Spain 500 years ago. (occupy) 2- Salim usually (put) on black topographic point but now she (wear) white trainers. 3- Water . of hydrogen and oxygen. (consist) 2 4- I .. a new car three days ago. (buy) 5- She that movie. (already, see) 6- We . two tests so far this semester. (have) 7- Lamis used to .. a lot when she was young. (cry) II. Choose the correct answer 1- Im going to buy ( a an the ) umbrella. 2- Lamis used to ( cry cries cried ) a lot when she was young. 3- Suha still ( hasnt has have ) cleaned the room. Listening a) Listen and answer Where is the flight taking off to? . 2- How many hours is the flight? .. 3- what is the flight number? .. b) T o r F 1- The programme will fly at a height of 7839 meters. () 2- The local time in Seattle is 1145. () c) A word that means commander Speaking Complete the following dialogue London For five days 1 1 I would like fish suitcase smaller Officer Passport and ticket, please. Sam hither is my passport, and my ticket. Officer Where are you heading straight off? Sam I am going to . for a conference. Officer How long will you be staying?Sam . 3 supply B Officer thank you. How many bags are you bringing today, sir? Sam I want to check the large .. , and I want to carry the champion on with me. Officer What do you want for your meal? Chicken or fish? Sam , please. Officer Good. Your seat is reserved. You can go to . Officer Thank you. Goodbye. Writing Number the sentences in the correct order and write as a paragraph ___ From here, turn south and walk to the famous Blue Mosque. ___ Inside, be sure to look at the wonderful blue tiles that give the place its name. __ The centre of Sultanahmet Park is a good place to start your tour of antiquated Istanbul. ___ When you leave, go prat across the gardens, past your starting point, to a much older building, Aya Sofya. ___ As you go, look up at the many domes and the six tall(a) minarets of this famous example of Islamic architecture. Good luck 4Captain Hello everyone, this is the captain speaking, and I want to welcome you to Flight 18 for Seattle. Our flight time today is 2 hours and 14 minutes, and we will be flying at an average height of 8 839. 2 meters. The local time in Seattle is a arse to twelve (1145), and the current weather is sunny, but there is a chance of rain later in the day. We will be arriving at Gate 13 at Seattle airport. On behalf of Sky Airlines and the crew, I want to wish you an enjoyable stay in the Seattle area or at your final destination. Sit back and enjoy the flight.

A sequence of diary entries as Mrs Danvers, reflecting on three or four important episodes in the novel

Mrs de spend, every superstar called her. She is non worthy of the name. That fille, who arrived at magnificent Manderley in an ugly stockinette adjust, awkwardly clutching a pair of gauntlet gloves, is not fit to be called the name that was given to my Rebecca. Rebecca was beautiful. Rebecca always k brisk what to do and what to say, so un care this girl who shuffled nervously up the flight of steps and stood gauchely on the threshold of the home plate. No, this new girl is no issue compared to Rebeccas perfection.I was glad I had collected the whole staff to satisfying her, despite Maxims letters. The hall was full of people, all wanting to see the new Mrs de wintertime, a sea of faces staring down at her. I valued her to feel as uncomfortable as possible, and I succeeded, for when I advanced from the crowd and lay my hand in hers, I matte it was hot and damp.As I gave her the cold speech that I had rehearsed, she could not even lift her eyes to meet mine. When I finished, she blushed a bright scarlet, stammered some kind of give thanks in return, and clumsily dropped both her gloves. What an ill-bred girl As I stooped to pick them up, I did not care to hide the smile of despite upon my lips, for I knew she would never have the courage to challenge me.Later, when they had finished tea, I showed her up to her room. She tried to smile at me, a weak, artificial smile, which I did not return. She walked some the meagre room, and express that it was very charming. Silly girl The room they have now is nothing compared to the room Mr de Winter shared with Rebecca. Their room, in the magnificent West Wing, was twice as large as this a very beautiful room, with a scrolled ceiling, expensive tapestry chairs and a gravid carve mantelpiece. It was the best room in the house, whilst this maven, in the East Wing, is hardly ever used, and only then by visitors. It is a second-rate room, which is only natural, as this girl is such a second-rate person.I watch ed her disdainfully as she sat down nervously at the dressing table and started to brush her lank mouselike hair, all the while trying to make conversation, trying to win me over, not knowing that I leave never let her take my Rebeccas place. I near pitied this poor girl, for she will never fit in here. No one will ever accept her. I watched her face scornfully as I told her somewhat the West Wing, how beautiful the room was, how expensive the furnishings were, and I compared it with the low-levelity of this room. I cherished her to remember that Mr de Winter put her here because he does not love her, as I am sure he does not, not after Rebecca.I watched her face, this unattractive face, and saw that already she feared Rebecca and me. She will be no match against us.JuneI caught the new Mrs de Winter in Rebeccas room today. She was snooping around because of Jack Favells visit. Jack Favell came today, because Mr de Winter was away. We went up to Rebeccas room, and that was wh ere Favell saw the new Mrs de Winter move up the house back from her walk. I quickly closed the shutters and we went downstairs so Favell could leave before she saw him, only to find her spying on us from john the morning room door.Mr de Winter had not told her roughly Favell then, for she was unaware of his position, and invited him to tea. If I had not been pre direct Favell would have accepted, rash and stupid as he is. However he insisted on showing her his hideous green car, as a way of impressing her. I would not put it past him to have offered to pay back her to the lodge gates. What a way to behave to someone who may very well go trial to Mr de Winter as soon as he returnsA little after half past four, I went up to Rebeccas room in the West Wing. There, as I had almost expected, at the window, stood the new Mrs de Winter. As she turned pale and awkwardly mumbled an excuse about closing the shutters, I saw that the latch of the wardrobe was not quite closed and the gow n had been disturbed on the bed, and I knew she had been around the room. She had sat down at Rebeccas dressing table, looked in Rebeccas mirror, touched Rebeccas dressing gown, Rebeccas slippers, Rebeccas quilt, Rebeccas nightdress, and looked at Rebeccas clothes.She had disrupted Rebeccas peace, the peace that I had kept here from the day she died. It occurred to me, this girl was afraid, that was why she came up here. She was afraid of Rebecca, who still ruled at Manderley. She had to see for herself, and after seeing, she felt like an trespasser in Rebeccas house, for I keep everything exactly the same as when Rebecca was alive it is as if Rebeccas spirit still lives in that room.I took her arm and led her around the room, ingratiating, honey-sweet, falsely fawning, showing her the entire room, every last detail, every single expensive ornament and every intricate fabric. I wanted her to see how inferior she was compared to Rebecca. Rebecca was so much taller than her, for when I held up Rebeccas gown it reached down to the girls ankles. I forced her hands into Rebeccas tiny slippers to show how delicate Rebeccas feet were. I showed her Rebeccas brushes, and told her about hair-drill, how Mr de Winter used to brush it for her, and she would laugh, Harder, Max, harder. It hurt me greatly to talk about these things, especially about Rebeccas death as I think every time about how I could have prevented it, but as I watched the new Mrs de Winters face I knew that it hurt her more.I blame myself for my ladys death. I had been away, only because Rebecca was in London. When I got back, however, the servants told me she had returned, then went out again. If only I had been there, just to warn her about sailing in such weather. She always listened to me. She would have moaned, and called me an old fuss-pot, and we would have stayed home, talk until late about all she had done in London.I told her about Mr de Winters grief, how he paced up and down every night afte r her death. I wanted to make her realise, nobody wants her here. She is only here because Rebecca died. She is only here because of an accident. I told her about how I sometimes think I hear Rebecca walking behind me along the corridor. I asked her if she sometimes mentation the dead come back and watch the living, whether Rebecca comes back to watch her.I frightened her, for when I finally unresolved the door to let her pass she refused to look at me and stumbled as she ran.JulyMr de Winter has decided to revive the fancy dress ball. There was much excitement in the house as the preparations took place. The whole village was talking about it, remembering the last ball at Manderley. The fancy dress balls had always been magnificent affairs, with fireworks and music, the great hall full of adoring people, lords and ladies, the bishop and his wife, people from Kerrith and around, and standing in the centre of the room would be Rebecca, smiling, shining in her dress, looking more ch arming than anyone else. Everyone talked about how elegant she was, how wonderful Manderley looked, and what a lucky man Mr de Winter was. Whenever there was a pause in the stream of guests, she would turn to me and we would share a smile at how well we had organised the whole thing.The preparations this year brought for me a stab of pain. In all the busy arrangements, there was no Rebecca. The servants carried on, it seemed, as if they had forgotten her, and kind of went to this child, calling her Mrs de Winter. However, the girl is incapable of such a task as running the Manderley ball. While Rebecca organised everything, depicting precisely the flowers on the tables, opus each of the invitations, this ignorant girl did not even lick a stamp, instead choosing to stand about doing nothing except getting in the way.She is only if unsuited to the position which she forced herself into. A few days before the ball, I found some of those sketches of hers in the waste paper basket. Sh e had been considering what to wear for the ball. As you can imagine I was filled with derision at this. How typical for someone like her to be stuck for something to wear I laughed as I thought of her trying so hard to find something special, not knowing that nothing she could find would make her even half of what Rebecca was.That was when the idea came to me, a fantastic idea. I took up the flimsy sketches and arrived at her room. As I confronted her about her lack of decision, she avoided my gaze and began to file her short, brittle nails in her nervousness. I suggested to her the idea of copying one of the pictures from the gallery, in particular the one of the young lady in white, with a hat in her hand. That picture was Caroline de Winter, a sister of Mr de Winters great-great grandfather.She married a great Whig politician and was a famous London beauty for many years. What the new Mrs de Winter does not know is that at the last fancy dress ball at Manderley, Rebecca had copi ed the exact same picture. Of course, this girl and my Rebecca are very unalike, but with exactly the same costume, and a wig, I was sure that the first thing the guests would think of will be Rebecca. Mr de Winter will get such a shock, which he deserves for letting this girl take Rebeccas cherished place. Everyone will think that she did it all on purpose it will be another one of her silly inexperienced slip-ups. I was determined that, amidst the celebrations for the new bride, no one will forget Rebecca.As I expected, the girl did order the dress, and on the evening of the ball I heard her and Clarice the little maid giggling in her room like two silly schoolgirls. I stood and waited in the doorway leading to the West Wing, so I could see everything. In due course, the music stopped, and the drum started beating, a soft humming sound escalating to what sounded to me like ominous thunder. The drummer shouted, Miss Caroline de Winter. A figure appeared at the head of the stairs, d ressed in white, a sash and a ribbon, her hat in her hand, her curls standing out from her face. It was the very image of Rebecca.I was overwhelmed the resemblance was striking my eyes stung as I almost, almost believed that it was my Rebecca, that my dear Rebecca was back, standing at the top of the stairs, waiting to meet the applause. No applause came. I was torn back into reality as I gain that the whole hall was still. Then they must have all seen it. Yet the girl went on smiling, putting one hand on the banister. How do you do, Mr de Winter, she said. Mr de Winter stood still.He stared up at her, his glass in his hand, his face drained of colour, ashen white. The girl began to be afraid. My plan had worked, Mr de Winter was angry at her, and she had disordered herself in front of all the guests. I heard her trembling voice in the hall, the long silences, the harsh tones of Mr de Winter. Then I saw her blindly running down the empty corridor, a stunned and stupid animal. She saw me standing triumphantly in the doorway, not caring to hide the loathing I felt for her.She turned and ran from me, tripping and stumbling, down the long narrow passages of Manderley, a home that is not, and will never be, her own.July, a few days laterRebecca is back. Not in person, but I feel her here. Last night Frith brought back the rumour that the Je Reviens was found by divers who went down about the ship in the bay, the one that ran aground when the bearings were confused. However, it cannot be Rebeccas boat. Rebeccas boat was crashed to bits on the rocks, yet this one was perfectly sound.When the diver broke through, he also found something else, a body. Who could it be? The conformation is rotted away by now, so as yet nobody knows. I cannot think who it could be. It cannot possibly be Rebecca, as she was found and identified at Edgecoombe over a year ago. Maybe Mr de Winter made a mistake when he identified her? Yet Rebecca is too experienced a crewman to let herse lf be trapped in the cabin like that. Could the body belong to one of Rebeccas men?This morning I received a center from Robert that the new Mrs de Winter wanted the menu changed to a hot meal. I was surprised, for she had never before dared to contradict anything I had done, and I did not think it obligatory to bother serving someone like her a hot meal while there were plenty of leftovers from yesterday. It was even more astonishing that she should have sent the message by Robert. I confronted her about it. Im not used to having messages sent to me by Robert, I said. If Mrs de Winter wanted anything changed she would ring me personally on the house telephone.I expected her to blush, and apologise, maybe even offer to keep the menu the way it was before. Instead, she looked at me, calmly and composedly, and answered,I am Mrs de Winter now.How could she have said that, when before she had not dared to meet my gaze? How could she have stood up to me, when before the slightest menti on of Rebecca made her blush? What has changed? What has Mr de Winter told her?I pressed her about the paper of the boat, but she would not reveal anything. She stood there, meeting stare with stare. I wonder, has everything changed? Even this girl dares to defy me. I do not know what has happened. I do not know what is going to happen, but I feel that nothing will ever be the same again.

The Benefits of School Uniforms As A Mandatory

In a time when the academic status quo is coming into question through come on America, educators, civil leaders, parents, students, and legislatures are left cycling through a myriad of standardized options to ameliorate the system. From gender-segregated classrooms to the implementation of national standard tests grading both students and teachers, suggestions abound on ways the American mankind might make its shoalhouse system a better functioning environment for the socialization and academic study of its children.Among many a(prenominal) other suggested and sometimes implemented deviations is the option of school identicals as a mandatory part of American schools. Already a part of many school environments, usually private, parochial, or urban, uniforms come with a heady line of debate to the forefront of systematic discussion.Those in support of uniforms in both primary and unoriginal school environments stand in staunch opposition to those who suggest it might non only detract from the creative development of a child unless may ultimately be a waste of time, money, and effort. Many critics of the school uniform movement proclaim that uniforms cannot fix anything about the failings of the American school system, and that it is, in fact, the morals, attitudes, and determination of those in the academic environments that create good schools, not uniforms.Yet, the detractors seem to fall short of reasons to not use school uniforms those schools that declare implemented them as a regimented part of school life support the uniforms as a mechanism to focus children on their work and away from each other, be the exceedingly hierarchical lending field of consumer popularity supported by the capitalist marketplace, and undermine the social tensions prevalent in the teenage years that account for so much wasted time, effort, and emotion during the classroom day.Contemporary American culture supports the performance and dis do work of class and status as an important component of auberge American schoolchildren replicate these trends, particularly those associated with familiar celebrities and elite brands, overpopulate the classic schoolyard. As a result, a culture of dress code policies and school uniforms have been instituted to counteract the peer competition, ostracism, tensions, and even theft that distract children from their schoolwork.Holloman, Lillian O. Dress-Related Behavioral Problems in the Public School Setting Prevention and Policy A Holistic Approach. The journal of Negro Education. Vol. 65, No. 2, Educating Children in a Violence Society, Part I. (Summer, 1996. ) p. 267-281. In her review of the uniform policy of urban schools, Holloman reflects on the current violence that infects public schools where there is no system in place to counteract the social problems set in motion by the capitalist-spawned problems of sensible competition.She addresses not only the problems these play in all schools, particularly i n terms of stress, the development of male-female relations, and socialization of American school children, but carries her discussion further to the way these issues play out in lower and working class ethnic groups. She says that while students at all schools must plaque the issues of material competition represented by apparel in the classroom, it is a situation far more than exaggerated for the urban black demographic.She includes the work of other sociologists and academic thinkers in her analysis of the school uniform option for the public schools most frequently attended by blacks. In this environment, she discusses the frighteningly frequent occurrence of violence as a result of material competition between students, with armed assailants stealing one students jacket in the middle of a school day in Washington, D. C. While national attempts at school security have limited the level of danger in the schools, it has not limited the violence nor the lasting psychological eff ects it has on impressionable teens.Because the emotional implications of the violence that frequently ensues as a direct result of the clothes student wear to school in urban black environments, Holloman in full encourages the use of school uniforms, even if they detract from a students ability to cultivate a unique sense of self through physical expression. Holloman ways the be and benefits of the uniform, but ultimately sides with the students safety, suggesting that time outside of school will be enough to encourage individuality among students.Likewise, she says, students are at school to learn, and positioning them in the safest environment to do so is the responsibility of all academic communities. Meadmore and Symes, Daphne and Colin. Keeping up Appearances Uniform Policy for School Diversity? British Journal of pedagogyal Studies. Vol. 45, No. 2. (Jun. , 1997. ) p. 174-186. Meadmore and Symes analyze the policies pertaining to school dress codes that instituted standard uniforms across the whole of Australia. They investigate the devolution and marketization of schools, as well as the growing state sustain over local practices.While their work is Australia-oriented, they strictly dig into the social themes at play internationally that cause teenagers to misuse their freedom of dress in schools to a point that uniforms are a suitable tool to address the need of schools to control what goes on inside their walls. Likewise, Meadmore and Symes take an in-depth look at the shift of schools over time, since formalized schooling in Australia has its roots in the private/public system of England, where uniforms have been traditionally mandatory.The English system, along with a intrust for proper socialization to the American way for immigrant children in the 19th century, was the basis for the American school systems development, and its lack of uniforms is particularly interesting. Since public schools do not traditionally require uniforms in the hal ls of America while private schools, modeled more strictly on the elite British schools usually do, the work of Meadmore and Symes is easily extrapolated and implicit in(p) to the academic discussion of the viability of uniforms in schools. Jacobson, Paul B. Personal Expenses of High-School Students. The School Review. Vol. 52, No. . (Jun. , 1994. ) p. 350-355.Jacobsen, a well-respected University of Chicago academic sociologist, states that secondary education has always been selective. While this stunt man entendre refers to the past of secondary education as something only afforded to the privileged and now those only adept enough to swim the seas of lofty school, its significance is important in the modern day American school system. While education still takes place in these schools, he says, it is clear that the education has also left westward Civilization and extended to the malls, shops, and boutiques where clothing becomes a mark of who a student is.It is not about s weaters to stay warm or long skirts, demure in their affiliation with a religious group or cultural standard, but instead about carefully relating brand and styles to characteristics populated by societys superstars to make a statement about who you are on the inside with each item of clothing. While this is not necessarily inherently bad, it is a powerful beast that changes the face of modern education.Jacobsen denounces free clothing choice at school not because of this reason but because of how it plays out in society may parents and students cannot afford to play this game with attire in the schoolroom setting, which is already augmented in cost by musical instruments, school supplies, and athletic gear. As all of these aspects of education increase in expense, parents and students should not be forced to keep up to merely stay afloat in the mean world high school society, and as a result, he says, uniforms are a necessary alternative to the status quo.Brunsma, David L. The Scho ol Uniform Movement and What it Tells us About American Education. Washington, D. C. straw man Press, Inc. 2004. Brunsma provides the most thorough and sizeable analysis of the issues in the American school uniform debate. He examines the impetuses, debates, legal issues, and effectiveness of policies where uniforms have been implemented throughout the joined States, further embellishing the work with anecdotal components that remind the reader that the issue of uniforms, while seemingly minor, actually has large ramifications on the future of American school systems and the expectations do of American children.His debates analyze both sides of the argument, as well as providing a comprehensive history and case study review. While Brunsmas conclusion is that uniforms do not make schools better, its intellectual review of the current literature on the matter disengages the reader from his opinion and, ironically, supports the implementation of a uniform code.His position is based on a simplistic desire to remain in a non-commercialized world where Gucci and Yves St. Lauren have not invaded the seventh grade classroom, but his review of case studies reveals that it in fact has. The evidence he presents clearly supports the use of uniforms, as the difference between a Sears-bought turtleneck and one purchased at Saks are far more insignificant than the way materialism plays out throughout an entire wardrobe.His analysis, while contrary to his personal opinion, shows that uniforms boost school climate, morale of students, work to eliminate high levels of competition, and support a focused academic atmosphere. All of these works, in addition to the huge bevy available in academic journals, newspapers, and bookshelves, provide a great source of questions from which one can more strictly analyze the issue of school uniforms in the American classroom setting and the questions with which one needs to examine the costs and benefits of their implementation.

Notes on the Auteur Theory Essay

The auteur theory consists of a directors own temper or attitude in each submit that they create. Each delineation has his or her own style and they use their own personal technique in each film differently. In the article entitled Notes on the Auteur Theory, indite by Andrew Sarris, he states that there are three different premises of the auteur theory. The first premise is the technical competence of a director as a criterion of value. A director can be either good or bad, it all depends on the types of films they create.The second premise of the auteur theory is the distinguish suit subject personality of the director as a criterion value. In every film a director correlates his or her own personality into the premise of the film in some way. This creates a relationship between how the film looks and moves to how the director thinks and feels. The third and final premise of the auteur theory according to Sarris is concerned with interior meaning, the ultimate repute of the c inema as an art. This premise projects the directors attitude towards life during their films or their vision on the world.Over the years, many directors have met the criteria of an auteur director, but no(prenominal) have fit the characteristics of suspense and mystery like Alfred Hitchcock has. Alfred Hitchcock was born in Leytonst genius, London England on August 13th, 1899.He had twain older siblings, William and Eileen and the three of them grew up in a strict catholic family with their parents named William Hitchcock and Emma Jane Whelan. Hitchcock did not join the film industry until the 1920s, and prior to that he attended St.Ignatius College and a school for engineering and navigation. In the beginning of his film work, Hitchcock began drawing sets because of his skills in art and eventually got into film make. Some of Hitchcock include, The Pleasure Garden, Jamaica Inn, Frenzy, The Lady Vanishes, Psycho, The Rear Window, The Lodger, Vertigo, and Dial M for Murder. In 19 42, after Hitchcock direct a film called, Saboteur, film companies began referring to his film after himself such as Alfred Hitchcocks Psycho, Alfred Hitchcocks Family Plot, Alfred Hitchcocks Frenzy.Hitchcock was awarded the Life Achievement Award on work 7th, 1979 and by this time he was becoming very ill. Unfortunately, Alfred Hitchcock passed away on April 29th, 1980 from a renal failure. Hitchcock may be gone, but his films are never forget and to this day Hitchcock will be remembered as the most famous suspenseful and mysterious filmmakers. (IMDB, N. P) Alfred Hitchcock, said, There is no terror in the bang, only the anticipation of it. This account falls true in almost all of Hitchcocks films.An auteur director illuminates the style of a single artist through a consideration of stiff elements, and one of Hitchcocks elements that he incorporates in his films is the use of suspenseful tone during certain scenes. (Bywater, 52) In the film, Dial M for Murder, Alfred applies om inous tones to make the hearing on the edge of their seats. During the scene when Margot is about to be murdered, the music starts off slow and begins to increase in volume right before the murderer strangles her, forcing the audience to wonder what will occur next.The same type of suspense is used during the film, Vertigo. There is a scene when John is attempting to makeover Judy to fit the aspects of a former lover, Madeline. spell he is awaiting her arrival from the bathroom, the tone of the pretend begins to rise. As John is anticipating Judys appearance, the music starts to grow and right before she opens the door of the bathroom, the volume is at its loudest, making the suspense for her arrival at its peak for the audience. Another scene from Vertigo is when John follows Madeline to see her jump off of the bridge into the San Francisco bay.Prior to her jump, the music is kindling and calming, making the audience wonder why John and Madeline are there. The moment Madeline d ives into the bay, the tone immediately heightens and the audience feels a sense of terror not cunning what happened to her. Hitchcock incorporates this style of score into one of his most famous films, Psycho. In an article its states that Psycho is the mother of all modern suspense films, and the audience witnesses this in one of the most famous scenes from the film, the death of the main actress, Marian, during a shower (The Greatest Films).As Marian steps in and begins to take a shower, there is no music playing. While the scene progresses and the shadow of the mother begins to appear, as does the screeching music. This high-pitched tone terrifies the audience as the mother quickly kills Marion. Hitchcock combines the use of score and the use of a drawn out dialogue scenes to create a sense of anxiety between the characters. By using long dialogue scenes, Hitchcock is able to create anticipation from scene to scene, allowing the audience to wonder what will come after.In Dial M for Murder, there is a scene between Tony and mould discussing how the two will kill Tonys wife, Margot. The two deeply discuss what will happen during the murder and as the scene progresses the audience expires worried whether or not the plan will succeed. Hitchcock used the same technique in the film Vertigo during a scene between John and Meredith. The scene consists of the two in the woods while Meredith begins to go into an odd mental breakdown. The audience learns that there is something deeply wrong with Meredith and that John is trying to help her.This scene shows the feeler of Merediths condition, causing the audience to think about what is left to come. The same technique appears in the film Psycho during an intense conversation between Norman and Marion. This is the first night that Marion stays in the home with Norman and his mother. Norman begins a conversation with her, but instead of coming off friendly, Norman starts to become much more creepy. As the scene advan ces, Marion begins to become scared of Norman and starts to feel unsafe in his presence.This scene gives the audience a feel of indecision with Norman and begins to see that there is something wrong with the man. With the use of long dialogue scenes, Hitchcock was able to convey certain emotions within the scenes to the audience. Alfred Hitchcock will go down in filmmaking history as an auteur director because of his use of both suspenseful score and long mysterious dialogue scenes. Throughout every one of his films, the audience is able to feel scared without the use of cheesy tactics, but from intelligent techniques that incorporate Hitchcocks personality and the use of his own spin on every film he creates.

Reality Tv and It’s Effect on Society

Kenneth Nevling Professor Whitworth ENG 114 First draft- Reality TV 07 November, 2010 Reality TV and Its Effect on bon ton A reality TV show stars a non-celebrity or a volunteer who wants to participate in the program. The core role is to see what their reactions in certain(a) scenarios are, and how they face given situations. The audience feels like they have a connection with the shows stars as they feel that they are real and normal muckle representing them. Viewers are then entertained by the sadness, depression, frustration, and emptiness that the reality stars will express in the show.Audiences cannot seem to get enough of the drama of opposite regular, everyday people placed in wild settings manipulated for the world to see. Overmagazine, exposure to these shows will subtly cultivate viewers perception of reality. Reality telecasting shows have a negative influence on todays society by portraying a false sense of communal experience, creating fantastic standards of livin g, as intimately as affecting the productivity of growth to the younger generation. If television was all that was important to our existence then we would be very well off.Marketing and production for reality TV shows are much less costly than it would be to pay for a whole set and professional actors/actresses. James Poniewozik, a writer for TIME magazines Tuned In column, writes about how reality TV has been the best thing to happen to viewers and television companies. Poniwozik states, It has given the networks water-cooler buzz again it has reminded viewers jaded by sitcoms and dramas why TV can be exciting and at its best, it is teaching TV a new delegacy to tell involving human stories (01).Ratings for networks have skyrocketed ever since reality shows first began to hit the air. People are entertained and excited to watch drama that reality stars go through, forgetting about their own drama. He also states that Reality shows dont just reach tens of millions of viewers but leave them feeling part of a communal experience (02). Here it is obvious that these viewers who strive to achieve a communal experience through the television are not direct healthy lives.If a communal experience is go ford then one should get off the couch and get out of the house. We should spend more time volunteering, playing sports, learning, and many other things that are taken away from time spent in front of the television. Reality television can be considered a form a brainwash broadcasting that people will watch and attempt to base their own personal lives off of what media portrays as reality. Audiences will desire to become stars themselves from the excessive time spent watching these false stereotypes of humanity.Jake Halpern, author of the book, Fame Junkies, states, The children and teenagers I meet are convinced that fame is a cure-all for lifes problems and that theyre entitled to become stars (03). Much of the audience watching believe that fame is the only way out of their real life problems. The American society is move into an increasingly celebrity obsessed culture in which people will attempt to manipulate their own lives to act out similar to reality stars. each(prenominal) day viewers will return actions and in the process lose their own sense of critical thinking and real emotions toward real life situations.These unrealistic standards of living are unreal and devastating to individuals who view these shows on a regular basis. Prolonged exposure to television will also have a negative influence on the growth of the younger generation. Excessive time spent watching reality TV defers children from spending more time on healthy activities such as playing outside with friends, reading books, playing sports, studies, and many other activities that require practice to become skillful.It is believed that children under the age of eighter from Decatur cannot decipher the difference between fantasy and reality, making them much more vul nerable to the effects of television. Exposure to these shows may result in children behaving in a similar state, acting out when something doesnt go their way. There is a powerful link between exposure to media violence and violent behavior. Kyle Boyse is a registered give from Michigan University who states that An average American child will see 200,000 violent acts and 16,000 murders on TV by the age of 18 (04).It is important to understand that eyesight images containing death and violent acts will initiate more violent crimes. Children and young adults are the likeliest audience for these types of shows, thriving for acceptance and what may need to be through to be considered cool. The effects on the growth of the younger generation are of great importance and must not be taken lightly. Weve all seen the shows on television where women and men alike are acting in a manner that one wouldnt typically see on a day-after-day basis.As soon as the television turns on we are expos ed to lies, deceit, violence, and many inappropriate sexual circumstances in which viewers will subconsciously reciprocate at one time or another. Teens will strive to be popular and do so by imitating what they believe is necessary to be authentic by their peers. As the audience of these reality shows we must submerge ourselves in a moment of self-cultivation, and determine whether or not these shows are appropriate for our children, and redden us as adult viewers. Let us be aware of the false sense of community within the television and seek a communal experience elsewhere.We must understand that the standards of living portrayed by reality stars in nothing short of an ad-libbed script, over dramatized by directors to capture the attention of the audience. lastly we must realize that our children are very impressionable. Teenagers will take what they see on television and carry it with them throughout their adolescence and into adulthood. Therefore affecting society overall. wo rk Cited Page 01) Poniewozic, James. Why Reality TV IS Good For Us February 12th 2003. Time. November 6th 2010 http//www. time. om/time/magazine/article/0,9171,421047,00. html 02) Poniewozic, James. Why Reality TV IS Good For Us February 12th 2003. Time. November 6th 2010 http//www. time. com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,421047,00. html 03) Halpern, Jake, Fame Junkies Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. November 6th 2010 http//www. houghtonmifflinbooks. com/booksellers/press_release/fame/ 04) Boyse, Kyle, Televion And Children University of Michigan Health System. Updated August 2010. Accessed November 6th 2010. http//www. med. umich. edu/yourchild/topics/tv. htm

Corporate Social Responsibility in the C0-Operative Bank Essay

1. IntroductionThis report aims to review the corporate cordial province (CSR) works which managers should consider important when decision making their CSR stance. The report will also review the corporative rim and their stakeholders regarding CSR. The report will thusly go on to analyse and quantify the corporative shores CSR and honorable position.2. Corporate Social ResponsibilityCorporate social responsibility (CSR) as a topic has received the attention of organisations and managers as a whole. The 1950s label the start of the modern era of CSR for managers, where Howard R. Bowen (1953) defines social responsibilities in his publication as the businesses duty to authorise decision and follow principles that atomic number 18 acceptable to hunting lodge. However, Milton Friedman (1970) argued that social responsibilities is for flock not businesses, he claims that the only responsibility business managers should have is to use all their re book of factss to maximi se profit and increase shareholders wealth (Friedman, York times Magazine, September 13, 1970, pp. 32-34).2.1 Carrolls CSR ModelsIn 1979, Carroll developed a social responsibility model with a hierarchy of four responsibilities, starting from economic, moving to legal, ethical and discretionary responsibilities (see form. 1.1). This CSR model talks about responsibilities which are the main areas that managers should consider when taking a stance on CSR. The summarised views of Carrolls hierarchy are businesses should strike to make profit as their main priority, and then complies with the rules and regulations of the law also behave ethically and finally be good corporate citizen (Carroll, 1979, p.500). The hierarchical four responsibility model was later improved by Carroll in 1991 as pyramid of corporate social responsibility (see Fig. 1.2).2.2 Modern CSR ArgumentsAs the definition of CSR developed and assemble more attention oer the years, more arguments over CSR began emerge . In reviewing CSR, both Goyder (2003) and Moore (2003) argued that firms claiming CSR in expectation of achieving greater profitability is unethical. Firms should take up CSR only if they basis ensure positive impact on society and the environment. Even though Jones (2003) argued that managers must not use CSR as a business strategy to that degree should see it as an ethical stance. However, he does not believe firms taking advantage of the opportunity to make profit is unethical. (Wan Saiful wan-Jan, 2006, pp.176-184)2.3 Introduction of 3C-SR ModelIn sound out to counter the deficiencies of previous approaches, Meehan et al (2006) devised the 3C-SR model- competitive advantage through social resources. This model claims that Corporate Responsibility (CR) is a tool to making profit not ship canal of reducing revenue. This model is made up of three inter-related components, ethical and social commitment, connection with partners and consistency of behaviour. According to Meehan et al, if management encompasses all three shares it will build a strong corporate social performance and become a good corporate citizen. (Meehan et al, 2006). However, the models has not been based on observations and experiments, also there was no criticisms by other authors. It is subjective base and was not well supported.3. The Co-operative Bank and Their StakeholdersThe Co-operative bank is a part of the co-operative group, the largest consumer co-operative in the United Kingdom (UK). The bank offers a range of financial services such as saving accounts, current accounts loans and overdrafts. They are an organisation that makes profit consistently while operate in a socially and environmentally responsible manner by putting their ethics into action (www.co-operativebank.co.uk).The Co-operative Bank is sensitive to the needs of all their stakeholders (see fig 1.3). It aspires to decent common economic, social, environmental and cultural needs of their stakeholders. Stakeho lder of a company is anyone who has can be affected or can affect the companys actions or decisions. The co-operative bank acts quickly on relevant and important stakeholder concerns. Engagement with their stakeholders is an important continuous activity. The cooperative banks CSR stance of responsible finance which consists of ethical screening, financial inclusion and microfinance is important to each of their stakeholders. (Co-operative bank sustainability constitution, 2010)4. THE CO-OPERATIVE BANKS CSR and ETHICAL STANCE ANALYSIS4.1 Sethis Three-Stage SchemaSethis three-stage schema is reusable in determining and analysing the Co-operative banks adjustments of their corporate behaviour to social needs. There are three categories of social commitments social obligation, social responsibility and social responsiveness (Sethi 1975, pp. 58-64, cited Carroll, 1979). Social obligation refers to companies behaving in response to market forces or legal restrictions. Managers of such companies only limit their response to social issues which are channelize by law and the economic administration. Social responsibility is corporations acknowledging social cling tos and expectations also the importance of ethics. Whilst social responsiveness states that it is important for firms to search for ways to be socially responsibly in the continuous changing society in the long run than how to react to social pressures (Sethi 1975, pp. 58-64).Co-operative bank is continuously searching for ways to be socially and ethically responsible to encounter to match the dynamic social system. They are constantly coming up with ethical policies either to meet suppliers needs or customers needs. They plan to the most socially responsible business in the UK. The bank is also making profit advanceing their economic duty to be favored. (http//www.co-operative.coop/join-the-revolution/our-plan/responsible-finance)4.2 The 3C-SR ModelEthical and Social commitmentsThis element represen ts the values aspect of social resources. This component comprises of the promises that organisation made to their stakeholders, also the ethical standards set by them which are stated in their mission statement and goals. (Meehan et al, 2006). The Co-operative bank seeks to be the leading retail bank in global financial services industry. They have been operating with values that have been handed down by the founders which are social responsibility, openness and honesty. They aim To be profitable To meet customers and community needs To answer to members and give them a fair return To be an ethical leader and exemplary employer in order to inspire othersThe Bank is very committed to delivering value to their stakeholders. In 1992 they launched their ethical policy when the customers requested that they would like their money to be invested ethically. The policy was formed to reflect customers ethical concern not that of the managers. The bank institutionalise ethics in action by turning away businesses that are involve in unethical practices (fossil fuel extraction, child labour etc). The banks suppliers gets paid fair price and there is effective communication between them and the bank, which leads long term relationship. With the banks fantastic delivering value policy some customers and employees are yet to be satisfied. (The co-operative bank sustainability report)The Co-operative Asset attention (TCAM) ensures that there is gender balance within their banks employees and also there is no discrimination. In 2010, the bank extended this policy to other companies they do business with (The co-operative bank sustainability report, 2010, p112).Connections with partners in the value networkNorman and Ramirez (1993, p69, cited Meehan et al) claims that a business network gets value from a value creating system in which all the stakeholders and the business itself work to together to create value. Meehan et al believe that if anyone of the parties fails to em brace the value network structure, then the socially oriented business model is bound to fail. If one organisation chooses to associate with another organisation, the nature of that relationship should be based on credibility on both parties, then the value structure works. In the other if on party fails to meet the commitment of the other then a stakeholder deficit will occur (see fig 1.4).The Co-operate bank ensures that their corporate customers share the same values with them as in gender equality and anti-discrimination through their TCAM. There is also their ethical screening which helps them maintain the ethical finance image. The ongoing employee, members and customers survey ensure that the connection between them and the bank is still there (The co-operative bank sustainability report).Consistency of behaviourThe consistency element refers to organisations implementing their policy to conform to the commitments and maintain the performance in the long term. It is the behav ioural component of the social resources over time and across all aspects of an organisations operation. The common source of criticism is when businesses claims to be socially responsible and fails to act responsibly towards society. (Meehan et al)The Co-operative banks ethical policies and social responsibilities have been improved to meets stakeholders needs and maintained over the years. The bank has been consistent with a satisfaction survey for their employees called the Voice carried out twice a year. They have also maintained their investments to their local communities and society at large over the years (The co-operative bank sustainability report). Ethical investment policy generated in 1992 is still an ongoing process for the bank (http//www.thenews.coop). In maintaining this policy, the bank is clean out on income resulting to a reduction in income for turning business away.5. ConclusionThis report has reviewed some of the different CSR theories and models that are imp ortant to managers when they are deciding on their CSR approaches. The report also reviewed how CSR has been evolving over the years with theories and models of different scholars.The co-operative bank engages their stakeholders in all their CSR approaches which help them to understand the stakeholders better. The bank understands the fact that a successful business occur only when all the stakeholders work together with mutual ethical values.Using the sethis three stage schema and the 3C-SR model to evaluate the Co-operative bank, it is quite clear that the bank is an ethically and socially responsible corporation. Even thought they are losing income and spending a lot to remain ethically and socially responsible they still insist on maintaining ethical policy. On the other hand the benefits of sustaining their ethical policy out weight the losses being made. The bank made a more profit in 2010 than 2009. The bank is not only using CSR as a business strategy but they are also being sensitive to all the needs of their stakeholders including positive impact the environment.REFERENCESArticlesCarroll, A.B. (1979), A Three-Dimensional Conceptual Model of Corporate Performance, Academy of Management Review, Vol. 4, No.4, pp. 497-505Bowen, H.R. (1953), Social Responsibilities of the Businessman, Harper, New York, NY.Carroll, A.B. (1991), The pyramid of corporate social responsibility towards the moral the moral management of organizational stakeholders, Business Horizons, July/August, pp. 39-40Carroll, A.B. (1998), The four Faces of Corporate Citizenship, Business and society Review Vol.100 No.1, pp.1-7Friedman, M., (1970) The Social responsibility of business is to increase its profit, York Times Magazine, September 13 1970, pp. 32-34).Meehan, J Meehan, K Richards, A. (2006), Corporate Social Responsibility the 3C-SR model, International Journal of Social Economics, Vol. 33, pp.386 398Sethi, S.P. ((1975), Dimensions of corporate social responsibility, California M anagement Review, Vol. 17, No.3, pp. 58-64Wan Saiful Wan-Jan, (2006), Defining Corporate Social responsibility, Vol. 6, Issue 3-4, pp. 176-184

The Letters of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Essay

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was a composer enceintely known worldwide for his impeccable musical abilities in the characterization Amadeus. His strong character is what made Peter Shaffer and Milos Forman, who were the movies screen writer and coach to cheat a portrait of the protagonist. This movie was indeed a great movie right from the reputations, performances as well(p) as the drama involved. It is for this reason that this movie was able to scoop eight Oscars in 1985. The movie fundamentally covers about ten years of the life of Mozart, most of which he was in Vienna where he meets Salieri, who was a composer and is fascinated by Mozart and his music. This movie draws mavin interest particularly when it comes to the composition, the musical instruments used and finally the world-wide musical elements such as melody, rhythm, dynamics and harmony. This paper gives an in-depth analysis to the composer, the accuracy of the portrayal and finally the issues learnt from Amadeus, t he movie.Mozart was pictured as a precise great composer as he worked on many genres. Among them are the meander quintet, the symphony, the string quartet, sonata and finally the piano concerto. The composition therefore goes over a precise wide range. Mozart, who dies before his thirty sixth birthday has over six hundred productions, some which were not even published. His great composition is seen through Salieri, who has been depicted as a mediocre composer, of third degree in composition but has a first degree in identifying good music. Mozart therefore is one composer with hard to rally composition abilities.CITATION Wol66 p 23 l 1033 (Mozart 23)The portrayal of the characters and generally the music was in my own survey accurate. Amadeus was a great composer and this is exactly what he was. He even dedicates one of his pieces of work to Salier, his great contention on his death bedCITATION Wol66 p 4 l 1033 (Mozart 4). Musical instruments used included were the piano, th e glass harmonica, the pinch among others. Since it was a movie based on classical music, the instruments were accurately selected. The musical elements also came out very strongly with attention paid to the awesome melodies, great harmonies, great use of rhythm and to a very large extent the style was very unique. CITATION Har81 p 34 l 1033 (Row 34)It can be easily pointed out that as much as the movie focuses on other issues such as spiritual matters, envy, rivalry and family, its main focus was music. Even rivalry and envy were as a leave of the difference in musical abilities of Mozart and Salieri. Unlike other productions which make fictional characters sure, this production made a real character a fictional one. This is in order to relate the musical capability of the real character, commonly known by his audience to the fictional characters abilities.Generally, I think Amadeus has been one of the best expressions of art, music, the genius artist. This is what makes the mov ie to be described as a modern classic. It offers a totally new dimension and point of view of classic music. This piece of art not only takes us through different and diverse characters but it also mixes music with the real world realities like envy. The director of this movie has made a number of movies but however many there are or are still to come, I doubt there will be one of them that will die this particular movie.ReferencesBIBLIOGRAPHY l 1033 Mozart, Wolfgand Amadeus. The Letters of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. 1866.Row, Harper and. Peter Shaffers Amadeus. 1981.Source document

The importance of communication in care settings

communion is not sound what you say. It is the life of vocalization that you argon using and the mode you portray how you are view, for instance the course that you are standing exit indicate how you are feeling towards whoever was bill of fareh you if you were relaxed and open you would be standing with your head up and arms relaxed. If you were upset or didnt want to conference thence youd be stood there with your head down and arms folded across your chest.Eye equal is essential and in the UK the majority of bulk look at each otherwise for 70% of the conversation whereas in Japan they only look at one another for 50% of the judgment of conviction. Your confidence is shown in your pith contact if you are walking down a street with your head held high and briefly get through others eyes it shows that you are confident in yourself and what you are doing.Only a small part of conference is what you are actually saying this pot specify it complicated when you are com municating with others as what you are saying will specify perfect sense to you only when it whitethorn be interpreted to mean roughlything completely polar.In around cases the tone of your voice is either taken for granted or sensed unconsciously. The tone of how you say both(prenominal)thing is 38% of the way that you beam. 55% is non verbal converse and what you say is only 7%. This shows that awareness of the appropriate tone and total voice control this is important for all care doers.Communication skills are a vital and necessary to support in each care setting. If you apply erect communion skills you prat shuffle sure that you get every thing done as efficiently and effetely as possible.Also when you are dealings with lot in a social care surround you will look at to make sure that they understand what you are saying or meaning, you affirm to launch a trusting relationship with your clients and make sure that they are at ease, this is because you might be dealing with vulner adequate to(p) people, the elderly or people with learning difficulties.Sentence and literal CommunicationTo meet you clients needs you would champion with housing, washing, shopping or with anything else that the individual whitethorn need. Some of the elderly clients may be suffering with dementia. This may result in them acting in an unpredictable way.The checkup side is different although communication is just as fundamental, as you may have to find something important out quick to prevent notwithstanding distress to the patient.When you go and visit you doctor you only have a 10 minute time slot and in them 10 minutes your GP has to find out what is wrong explain and extend you treatment. This would not happen if you and your doctor could not travel by properly. Your patients will be aware of your body quarrel so you need to show them that you are consolationable and that you want to hear what they have to say similarly you need to show them th at what they are saying is important. So eye contact and openness is vital. You dont want to be sat typing away at your computer when your patient arrives as that automatically says you have something to a greater extent important to do other then greeting them. Also when people are in irritation or ill they tend to become delirious and anxious. Then as the health professional it is your trading to make sure that you have the situation under control. A GP or any other health professional needs to make sure that they use the correct type of tone this is make sure that the patient feels comfortable and valued also by using the appropriate tone you advise make yourself sound interested, caring and encouraging.Effective communication is central to a good laddering workout of all early years professionals and relationships with sisterren and their families/carers may be impaired without it. Communication involves a successful exchange of schooling from one person to another.Whe n working with the early years you have to take in to account of their historic period and their disposition level. You can not expect a child of 3 to understand eye contact or subtle body language. You need to make sure that you are communicating to them on their understanding level not yours. You will also have to compromise for their lack of speech and their unpredictability when they huckster communicate with you. So for communication to be successful it needs to meat the needs of both speakers and any breakdown will result in a lack of communication taking place fetch COMMUNICATION CYCLE? Ask TeresaOral communication would be one of the most important slipway of communicating in the social, medical and early years setting, as within these settings you have to build up a trusting professional relationship. That advantage to oral communication is that you can exchange information quickly. The serve up provider can explain situations and answer any questions that may arise. W hen speaking with someone you can make sure that whoever you are communicating with understand what you are saying. Also if necessary and appropriate you can comfort if what you are saying is distressing.In a social setting oral communication is vital for a nurse as she not only has to be able to communicate efficiently and for the best of her clients she has to be able to hand everyplace their information correctly to the next shift of nurses if she was to get this wrong it may jeopardise the patient. Also with oral communication you can nominally tell how your clients are feeling if they have a quite tone then it may be that they are depressed, feeling sad or passiveness. If they had a loud or excited tone this could mean that they were fearful, feeling angry or aggressive. practiced care workers can pick this up and act appropriately.It is an important role of a care worker to be able to understand, relay and gather information not just with the patients but also with her work team. On a typical daytime a nurse would have to record what medicament was given, the meter and the time it was administered she would do this so she could pass it on to other nurses so they are aware of the medication that, the patient has had. Communication can fail if there is a lack of knowledge this could leave the people involved feeling inadequate.Communicating orally in an early years environment can be demanding and frustrating. You not only have to build up trusting relationship and understanding with the children you also need to do this with their parents/carers and the rest of your team.When communicating with young children they may not alship canal understand what you are saying to them but the can hear your tone of voice and the tone of voice used conveys a message to the child which at times be the wrong message.For vitrine. To ask a child what are you doing may be interpreted by a child as a negative question if the tone of voice is wrong.When you are talking t o young children and are postulation questions or giving guidance you need to do so in a clear voice and in bite size pieces. Like go and get your situation not go out the hall into the shoe area find your shoes and put them on. Then come back to me this is because their understanding level is lower then yours and the short depot memory only last for 30 seconds and by the time they have left the room they would have forgotten.When talking to parent/carer you need to establish whether they would prefer you to communicate with them in an in glob or formal way. This is the register of language. Some parents and most certainly the children will prefer you to great them in an informal way as this may put them at ease. within a medical setting you need to echo to use the correct type of language (register of language) formal language would be better unless requested from the patient. If a medical receptionist was informal then the patient may think that are being disrespected.As a GP you will communicate aurally most of the time to you patients this mean that the GP has the advantage that the tone of voice can betray how the patient is feeling emotionally and if relevant the GP may be able to help or refer them to another source. This is the GP taking care of his patients emotional and physiological benefit. As a GP you will have to work and communicate with people that have different styles of speaking such as ethic groups and people that come from different work and culture settings.Verbal communication for a nurse at A+E is about buliding a relationship quickly with all types of people from all walks of life they have to be calm so she needs to have gained their trust. Also they have to exchange information to one another. Nurses and paramedics use a pain scale asking how bad the pain is from 1 to 10 this is especially good for children as they cant al ways pull out what pain they are in.Written communication in any organised setting is one of the most imp ortant factors. This is because of keeping records. Getting the right support for your clients. Without written communication you would not be able to do this.In social care setting it may not be the choice of some of your clients. If you have clients that are profoundly deaf or very hard of hearing it would be more(prenominal) appropriate and polite to send them a letter rather then ringing them.There would be little point of finding out effective way to communicate with a client and then not making an accurate record so that other people can also communicate with that person.The type of things that you would record as a care worker would be what problems your clients have how it affects them both emotionally and physically. What action should be taken by yourself and others. Always add the date and whether you administered medication, and any other day to day things that you do.Most of the written communication will be between you and your colleges on a professional basis. You w ill mainly communicate with your clients in a more informal wayWhen working in an early years environment it is important to keep parents well informed. You need to pass information through ways that parents can access. The easiest way to do this is by written communication. This can be in many ways such as news letters once a month with general information in them, home and setting books so that you can keep in contact with the parents that way this is a good way for people that have child care so they know what is going on a daily basis, notice boards so that you can display reminders and notices and displays of the childrens work throughout the setting so that the parents can fill for them selves that their child is doing constructive things while at the settingWhen working with early years children it is easier sometimes to use ocular pictures as aids so that a child can associate a picture with a meaning or a word. For example you may put their picture on their coat per and a picture of a coat above them. Children respond and understand picture committal to writing rather then just the written word.Staff in the early years setting will also do reports on the childrens development and what aspects they need to improve on. This is to accommodate their social, physical, emotional and intellectual wellbeing and prepare them for school.The types of medical written information that you would get would be letters and reminders about appointments whether at your GPs clinic, medical centre or local infirmarys. You may get test results or letters about your tests and the results. You may also get formal letters indicating a change of location.Every doctor has his patients notes and information this is to see what illness and treatments that you have had in the past and whether you are allergic to anything. He keeps them as records nowadays stored on a computer so no matter where you are they can locate your files. As a patient you may get extra agreeence from your GP regarding any medical check ups that you needGPs and other health professionals use written communication to refer patients to one other service providers. cosmos an employee in any care setting you will come across people with hearing and visual impairments there are a number of ways to carry on or start communicating with your clients.Communication between hearing and deaf people is not always straight forward. Quite oft the response of a hearing person is to either talk more loudly or over emphasise lip patterns, this will actually cause more difficulty. However the ability and awareness of how to communicate clearly can solve many day to day issues.Makaton is a type of system that uses speech, signs and symbols to help people with learning difficulties to communicate, and to develop their language skills. People that speak Makaton will use speech as well as body language they dont just silent sign. Makaton is a form of augmentative and alterative communication (AAC).Ma katon is used with both children and adults who are unable to speak or whose speech is difficult to understand. Makaton is a key word signing system that aims to provide a basic means of communication and win language development. When using Makaton the key words will still be spoken as well as signed. If you have a client in your care it is bested advised to try and learn some of their preferred way of communication, although you will pick up some meanings.Braille is a type of communication that instead or words are raised marks that can be felt wit the fingers. This provides a type of written communication that can be used by people with particular(a) or no sight.Braille is usually taught to those who are totally blind from youth. Moon is usually taught to people who loose their sight in later life. Both moon and Braille are raised symbols that correspond to the alphabet.British sign language is a visual/spatial language which is governed by its own well-formed rules using shap es, hand movements and facial expressions to convey meaning leading to successful communication.There are 9,000,000 deaf or hard of hearing people in the UK, with distinct differences in the way that they wish to communicate. well-nigh 80,000 people sign language as their first language.Electrical aids have made communication much easier. Information displays on computer screens such as information kiosks ands bulletin boards are progressively being used for public communication.Other then e-mails and telephone and the internet there are load of other ways to communicate using modern technology.Technology can be made tender and accessible to people that are blind or have low vision for example-you have voice synthesisers can be installed to read out loud the text on the screen. There is also Braille and other tactile symbols can be embossed on the buttons used on the display. You can also get special scanners to convert text into a read out which is relayed to the user by voice s ynthesisers or convert the words on a printed page into very large coat text on the computer screen.Communication via computers has enabled society to be able to communicate efficiently, accurately and quickly. Within a hospital and emergency environment to communicate the correct information and quickly you need computerised communication.For example somebody comes into A+E with a suspected broken arm they get sent to the incision to have an x-ray. After taking the photos they send them back to A+E. this saves time and money. It is efficient and it is to the best of the patients as treatment can be administered more quickly. In effect its taking care of their physical and emotional wellbeing. This is not the only benefit that computerised communication has, at the scene of an accident the paramedics will contact the hospital to let them know who is coming in and why their age and any other infomation that they have on them. This is to ensure that upon their arrival the correct tr eatment can be administered, Especially if it is a life wakeless situation. Even though the need of speed may be vital they also have to be accurate, clear and understandable as its about somebodys care.

Automobile and Introduction A. Drifting Essay

I. IntroductionA. Drifting is mavin of the fastest growing motorsports in labor union America.B. I initiatory came across drift in 2004.C. Drifting is one of the most extreme and evoke forms of motorsports.D. Some of the things to know about drifting are1. The history2. The gondola gondola cars3. The techniquesII. BodyA. History1. According to answers.com drifting is actually defined as when a car is in a cont set outed slide through a corner.2. Drifting got its start around the early 1970s in the JGTC racing circuit by a devolve onr named Kumitsu Takahashi.3. However, drifting did not hit the street racing scene till 1977 by a local Japanese street racer named Keiichi Tsucjiya, who had a video produced of him drifting in the mountains of Japan.4. In 1988 the first official drift event was organized by legendary driver Daijiro Inada in Japan.5. Drifting since thusly has spread all around the world.B. The cars1. Basically all drift cars are post wheel drive because you have to be able to control the rear of the car through the corner.2. Most of the drift cars use in comp. are FR cars, but MR, and RR are starting to make their way into drifting.3. The main lawsuit most people use FR is because the less weight you have in the rear, the easier it is to break the rear tires loose.4. The sport is dominated by JDM cars in the top drifting series, but theAmerican and even Euro. Cars are starting to challenge the JDM car now.(See visual aid)4. The only necessary modifications you need to do to a car to drift is a aftermarket suspension so the car does not flip during a drift, and a roll cage for safety reasons.C. The techniques1. According to D1GP.com there are essentially 2 divergent techniques to make a car driftA. Beginner techniques which are basically techniques where you lock up the rear wheels to make the car slide and then follow through the corner with throttle control.B. Weight transferring techniques are for more good drifters.1. Weight transfer techniques use the actual weight of the car by moving position to side and brake the rear wheels loose to start a drift.III. ConclusionA. as you can see, drifting is one of the most extreme and exciting forms of motorsports by its1. History2. Cars3. TechniquesB. So if your looking for some comp. completely different from anything else, check out drifting.BibliographyAnswers.com Oct. 8, 2007D1GP.com Oct 8, 2007.

Bertrand Russell Essay

I should like to say two things, ace intellectual and one moral.The intellectual thing I should want to say is this When you are studying all matter, or considering any philosophy, ask yourself only what the facts are and what the truth that the facts bear out is. Never allow yourself be diverted either by what you longing to believe, or by what you think would have benevolent social effects if it were believed. But look only, and solely, at what are the facts. That is the intellectual thing that I should wish to say.The moral thing I should wish to sayI should say love is wise, hatred is foolish. In this world which is getting more closely and closely interconnected we have to learn to tolerate each(prenominal) other, we have to learn to put up with the fact that some people say things that we dont like. We can only live together in that way and if we are to live together and non die together we must learn a kind of charity and a kind of leeway which is absolutely vital to th e continuation of human life on this planet.

Lord of the Flies Symbolism Analysis Essay

Plato, a noted Greek philosopher born in 428 BC, once said, The measure of a cosmos is what he does with billet. This statement shows that man will truly be defined for what he does with the power he receives whether he would use it for manipulation, severity and lofty desires, or whether he would treat everyone fairly, maintain democracy and control himself in such a high position. In William Goldings Lord of The Flies and George Orwells Animal Farm, the power is sh confess and given to a character, which would use it for his induce benefits and does not choose to do what is right for those under his power. seafarer, a power-hungry dictator, uses his manipulative and deceiving tactic to reign over a group of schoolboys who get stuck on an island. Napoleon, a pig, uses power along with revere to control the other animals around him and asserts violence to get his role as a leader.The desire for power and control in both characters stimulates them to use fear and violence as a way of property their high position and satisfying their needs. It is clear that the two leaders Napoleon and Jack both apply physical harm as a way of getting their message across to their other citizens. Jack displayed this behavior after he gets his own tribe, where he ruled merciless and punishes eachone he is not prosperous with. When Roger and Robert were having a brief conversation in Chapter 10, they said, Hes going to beat Wilfred. What for? I foundert know. He didnt say. He got angry and made us tie Wilfred up. Hes been- he giggled excitedly- hes been tied up for hours, waiting-.(Golding 176). This shows Jack and his cruel use of power among his own tribe. Napoleon, on the other hand, doesnt punish his own tribe, but does go to an extent where he vows a death sentence towards anyone who is working or wants Snowball to come back to the farm.This is shown in the execution of quaternity pigs, Without any further prompting they confessed that they had been secretly in t ouch with Snowball ever since his expulsion, that they had collaborated with him in destroying the windmill, and that they had entered into an concord with him to hand over Animal Farm to Mr. Frederick. They added that Snowball had privately admitted to them that he had been Joness secret factor for years past. When they had finished their confession, the dogs promptly tore their throats out, and in a terrible voice Napoleon demanded whether any other animal had anything to confess. (Orwell 73).Despite being a pig, Napoleon shows the same qualities as a valet dictator and even goes as far as to making innocent pigs confessing to a crime they had neer done. Within both leaders, anger becomes the main reason for punishment to the citizens. Both leaders, nonetheless, use their people for their own benefit whether they were given permission or not. In Lord of the Flies, Jack went as far as to stealing Piggys glasses without Piggys consent in hopes of being capable to make a fire at any time he requests.Regardless of Piggys anger and necessity for glasses, Jack steals them and even kills Piggy when Ralph, Piggy, Sam and Eric confronted his tribe for Piggys glasses. along with this situation, in Animal Farm, Napoleons desire for power and money drives him towards betraying his best worker who whole shebang for him every second he is awake for whiskey money. The animals would work continuously for Napoleon, and this is clear in Orwells statement in chapter VI, All that year the animals worked like slaves (Orwell 53).

 Developing my Leadership Style Essay

Pressures on organizations atomic number 18 increasing even in the Students Union where I work. there are growing needs to become more efficient, and to deliver success against strategic goals with shrinking resources. numerical analysis ignore measure consummateance outputs, and buss can make judgments using business information by qualitatively analyzing.Employees often represent the largest expense for organizations therefore it is vital to monitor module coiffureance in order to recognize success and failure. Leaders can achieve little without the support of their viewers. Flatter vertical structures are more prevalent in modern clocks this means managers can non expect blind allegiance. espousal with followers is vital. Effective intimacy must happen continuously. It is important not to limit the times of chat to employees. This can lead to mis figureings of tasks and direction of work. For example, if I were to only talk to my group members on a genius to one bas is annually, it would be likely they would not be working on what I would ideally want to them to work on. It is profitable to note however that some employees might not like similarly much engagement from a manager. They might olfactory perception like they are beingness monitored too much, and revere they are doing something wrong. They correct balance must be found.An important outcome of powerful engagement is that team members can link their daily actions to the organizations strategic curriculum. This testamenting motivate individuals, as it go forth give them clear goals to work towards. To improve this in my team I could organize a social function day where everyone links his or her work to the Students Unions strategic externalize.Some see a drawing card simply as an individual other(a)s follow, whereas others define leadinghip as organizing a group of multitude to achieve a common goal.Studies of draws have produced theories some the different duties and t raits of attractors.I am fire in leading, as I would like to become a more effective manager. It is useful to understand the similarities and differences between a leader and a manager. Usually a manager is concerned with specific tasks such as budgets, projects, or organizing. Management does not always include a responsibility for spate. leadinghip, on the other hand, typically have bigger responsibilities than managers for instance, creating new visions or forming new policies. Leadership always collects leading a group of concourse. There is a large overlap between leaders and managers. Both strong leaders and strong managers are skilled in respecting their teams focused by challenging individuals to perform power aboundingy in line with objectives. Weak leaders and managers fail to engage with their teams and so accept chaos and apathy.Leadership StylesIt is important to recognize my own leadership ardor so I can be mindful of my weaknesses. One way to carry out the egotism-analysis is by using the six specific scales for leadership table. The six scales are listed below along each row.TaskPersonFlexibleDogmaticDe-centralisedcentralisedRewardPunishmentThe meansThe arrestStructured primitiveTask / Person relates to if a manager is task focused or pot focused. Task focused leaders emphasize the need to perform to achieve certain goals. A task directed leader would more likely portray an disdainful style, or a top-down approach meaning they make most the decisions. This could improve efficiency, but diminish moral. On the other hand, person orientated leadership is a demeanoural approach in which the pauperization and well-being of the team are prioritized. These leaders may have a servant leadership philosophical system where rather than giving orders they try to persuade people to work, and try hard themselves to serve the team. There is a risk a team may not function well with this untraditional style, or they could applaud go throug hing more valued.Flexible / Dogmatic refers to if a leader will alter practices when a mail changes, or will sternly keep doing things they way they have always been done. A dogmatic leader would want their team to follow established procedures and would reject suggestions to do things differently. A flexible leader would be much more likely to use suggested ideas to modify the statue quo.De-centralised / Centralised is an issue all businesses face are decisions made by senior managers, or made further down the hierarchy. De-centralised leadership gives an organization a flatter hierarchy, and as decisions are made closer to the customer this can improve customer service. nonetheless a disadvantage of De-centralised leadership is decision-making is less holistically strategic. Centralised leadership makes it easier to implement overarching policies, and prevents people from working in silos. On the other hand, extra layers of bureaucracy are added and disengagement from the front line could lead to naughtily decisions.Reward / Punishment refers to how a manager chooses to motivate their staff. Do they positively reinforce positive behavior though rewards, or discourage undesirable behavior using punishments? Transactional leaders often reward employees for the true and good work. Authoritarian managers may be more likely to use punishments to encourage industry.The means / The end questions whether the method to reach a goal is the most important, or is the end result more critical. A values based leader will probably prioritize the means over the end. Whereas a leader driven by performance targets may only worry about the end.Structured / organic refers to the husbandry a manager take a craps. A structured leader will favor bureaucratic structures, precision and strict subornation. On the other hand an organic manager will work to reduce hierarchical structures, and will highly value external knowledge.Different leaders prioritize the things on the sca le differently. The scales are useful because a strong emphasis on one aspect suggests a weakness of another trait. If an honourable self-analysis is carried out, a person will be made aware of their weaknesses. They can then plan strategies to strengthen the flaws.Own StyleI am going to assess the effectiveness of my own leadership style by plotting my characteristics on the six-point scale.TaskxPersonFlexiblexDogmaticDe-centralisedxCentralisedRewardxPunishmentThe meansxThe endStructuredxOrganicWhen I manage I almost wholly focus on the task completion, often at the expense of the welfare of my team. I am flexible in the way I strive to resonate my goals as I am not averse to taking on board other people ideas that likewise means I do not hold all the decision making power, (de-centralized). I am not the best at recognizing good behavior, as I have always model people are being paid to do produce a high example of work, I more typically penalize team members rather than reward them. Again my performance valued constitution means I focus on the end rather than the means. Lastly, I prefer to follow a structured approach because it is easier to monitor individuals performance and is arguably more time efficient. This is not to the required standard for my job in the Students Union, steps will need to be put in place in order to improve.ImplicationsI work as Students Union President. I have to manage my fellow full time officers, (the four Vice Presidents), and the seven part-time officers who volunteer their time to function students.An advantage of being a task based leader is that I can ensure deadlines are met, and jobs get entire by all members of the team, especially those who are not good at managing their time. On the other hand, staff wellbeing may be neglected causing retention and motivation problems. To become a come apart manager I need to find a way of both organizing the team while not forgetting to look after their welfare.It is important that I am flexible in my role as I am meant to represent the views of all BCU students. I would not be a popular student leader if I did not take into account all new ideas that students suggest to me. Also, as all of my projects involve working with the ever-changing student population, I could easily do something wrong if I did not keep gathering the most current student views. Constantly changing tactics though, does slow work mount sometimes with time sensitive decisions I must push ahead with what I think is best. A way I could improve would be to define projects that it is appropriate to have a wider student input, and those projects that do not. Doing this would save time on some projects, which I could use to instigate better quality engagement with students on other projects.In regard to decision-making, I usually consult the whole team in our weekly meetings before a decision is made. I think it important to make the team feel empowered, especially the volunteers. I hope that giving others control of decisions gives them ownership of projects, so they are more motivated to work hard on them. However, consulting team members with things does slow things down but I think it is expense it to make more informed decisions.I am not the best at rewarding my team. My ethos is that I expect team members to do a good job. I do reward individuals if they go to a higher place andbeyond the call of duty. But, on many more occasions I have had to speak to people about why something is not quite up to scratch. I do have a determination to focus on the end results rather than the journey there. I dont mind how people reach their targets, as long as they do. I favor procedures I like the team to follow the designed routes to get things done. This result of the self-analysis worries me. Forgetting to reward individuals will demotivate them. If I carry on doing this I could reach the stage where every time I pop into the communal office my team thinks I have come to highlight someones failure this would be a big problem. I need to find a way to regularly reward hard working people. This will create a more positive environment, and people who are comfortable and happy will likely perform better.Adair proposed the Three Global Factors of leadership. The three factors are, determination to deliver, engagement with individuals, and engagement with teams. The three factors overlap, and are inter-related. Different leaders prioritiesprioritize the three factors differently. I certainly lean toward the determination to deliver strand. By focusing on the task, the team may feel undervalued and pressured. Little communication may also mean individuals feel neglected or ignored. I must try to engagement more with individuals and teams to become a more balanced and effective leader. I should fate aside time in my calendar to get to know people. This will let me know the best way to communicate the targets to them to motivate them. Spending time with people will also make it a lot easier for me to detect issues. For example, if I know that someone is unhappy, I can check up on why that is and take steps to improve things for them.Developing my Leadership StyleAfter assessing my leadership style and evaluating the results I have produced an action plan to improve my management approach.Action programmeBenefits of Action PlanCreating an action plan will serve up me maintain focus working towards goals that I have sterilize to improve my leadership style. The goals relate to weaknesses, (such as prioritising the means and ignoring people), identified in the assessment of my style. The action plan will help ensure that actions and decisions are oriented toward accomplishing the specific goals.The action plan will help me gain self-esteem. Effective action plans contain small steps to achieve ambitions. As I travel along at each step of my plan, I will gain confidence in my ability to be successful and bring change.To create an action plan, I had to determine specific steps linked to the self analysis. The goals and steps are measurable so I am able to tell whether the goals have been met or not.The team will be heavily involved in the action plan. Hopefully this will help strengthen morale and the sense of unity. There are opportunities for team input. Team members who feel included in adaptations will be more motivated to follow through on actions toward achieving the goal because they will feel they partially own the goal.It is important to monitor, evaluate and adapt an action plan to sustain its effectiveness. I will periodically check that I am completing the actions I said I would take by keeping a record of the progress. Objectives should be investigated if they do not in keep with the timeframe defined. My team and myself can sit down and discuss reasons why the success criteria is not being fulfilled in the time predicted. Then the action plan could be reformed or work could be refocused to get t hings masking on track.A More Effective Leader?Having completed this process, I feel confident I can become a more effective leader. For me, the self-analysis was the most important part. I essay my best to give honest answers. It was interesting linking back the findings to the preceding research I had done about leadership styles. I intend to usethis Action Plan to complete the objectives I have set myself. I am sure it will strengthen the team I work in.